In-depth survey of biochemistry: macromolecule structure; structure and function of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids; introduction to metabolic pathways. One semester of organic chemistry recommended.

Principles and Technical Skills fundamental to the culture of animal and plant cells, tissues and organs. Introduction to the techniques of sub-culturing, establishing primary cultures, karyotyping, serum testing, cloning, growth curves, cryopreservation, hybridoma formation and monoclonal antibody production, and organ cultures. Application of cell culture to contemporary research in the biological sciences. Lab. Introductory microbiology and microbiology lab recommended.

Evaluation of the hallmarks of cancer, including molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, roles of oncogenes and dysregulated cell development, function and metabolism, tumor immunology, and the biological basis of cancer therapy. One semester of biochemistry recommended.

Introduction to fundamental concepts in biophysics with primary emphasis on understanding details of biomolecular structures integrated with molecular modeling, simulation, and visualization techniques. The course introduces structural details of various biomolecules (proteins, nucleic-acids, sugars, and lipids), followed by concepts in thermodynamics and physical chemistry (such as intermolecular forces, energy, entropy, chemical potential, and Boltzmann?s distribution), the applications of which are discussed in the context of drug-receptor interactions, molecular recognition, biomolecular folding, enzyme catalysis, allosteric communication, diffusion, and transport. The laboratory includes training and learning about advanced simulation and visualization software engines.