Fundamental analysis and design principles. Number systems, codes, Boolean algebra, and combinational and sequential digital circuits. Lab: student-built systems using modern integrated circuit technology and an introductory design session on a CAD workstation. Lab.

Functions of component units of the economy and their interrelations. Units of analysis are the individual consumer, the firm, and the industry. Theory of consumer demand and elasticity, supply and costs of production, theory of the firm under conditions of perfect and imperfect competition, demand for and allocation of economic resources, general equilibrium, and basic principles and institutions of international trade. ECON 402A emphasizes applications to the international economy. ECON 402H is open to students in the Honors Program.

Learning in formal and informal contexts and cultural aspects of learning and development with an emphasis on childhood and adolescence. Theories of learning including behaviorism, constructivism, sociocultural, and design perspectives. Topics include research and varied cultural perspectives on intelligence, motivation, identity and the self, concept learning and knowledge, noncognitive aspects of learning, social and emotional learning, deficit thinking and social justice perspectives, design-based perspectives on educational innovation, and assessment. Junior and Senior status. Special fee.

Interpretive and critical study of literature and nonfiction texts written for elementary and middle school readers. Applications of children's literature in educational settings.