Developmental biology explores how organisms construct themselves in each generation, and how those processes interact with ecological and evolutionary forces. The course examines development in various phyla, with an overarching focus on the design and interpretation of experiments using both classical and modern techniques. Labs include student-designed experiments and observation of development in several species of vertebrate embryos. Special fee. Lab. Prereq: BIOL 411 & BIOL 412, or equivalent.

Introduces the principles of animal function. The major systems (digestion, metabolism, respiration, circulation, osmotic and ionic regulation, nerve-muscle function, endocrine control) are covered with emphasis on functional mechanisms at the cell and tissue levels. Prereq: one year of introductory biology is required.

Basic training in the measurement of function in animals, data analysis and expression, and the development of scientific communication skills. Special fee. Writing intensive.

Genes and behavior examines the genetic underpinnings of animal behavior, and how behavior evolves on a genetic level. The course primarily relies on readings from the primary literature, using examples from laboratory model organisms, animals in their natural habitats, and humans. Topics include aggressiveness, social behavior, personality, parental care, communication, mating behavior, novelty seeking behavior, and foraging. This interdisciplinary course examines these behaviors at multiple levels, including genomics, population genetics, molecular genetics, epigenetics, endocrinology, and neurobiology. Prereq: GEN 604 and ZOOL 613 or equivalent.