How structural characteristics in an organization (e.g., the design of roles, reporting relationships, coordinating mechanisms, communication systems, and processes, etc.) affect whether leader actions and choices enable or prevent high performance. An open systems framework is used to assess how reactions to change occurring inside and outside an organization determine whether individuals, groups, and organizations position themselves to adapt, grow and develop, or decline. Examination of individual roles in organizations. Prereq: ADMN 575.