A study of variety of problem solving strategies and techniques in the context of solving mathematical problems. Problems will emphasize the connections between the core areas of algebra, geometry and analysis. Other mathematical topics may be included. Typically taken in conjunction with the Concluding Experience Problem Set. Cr/F.

Properties of a pure substance, work and heat, laws of thermodynamics, entropy, thermodynamic relations, cycles. Prereq: PHYS 407. Pre- or Coreq: CHEM 405; MATH 528.

This two-week intensive field based course is intended for students who wish to explore and gain proficiency in various research and assessment methods of terrestrial and aquatic plant communities of the Isles of Shoals and nearby coastal habitats of the Seacoast and Great Bay Estuary. Topics covered will include quantitative surveys methods, GIS based an aerial (UAV) mapping of plant communities, taxonomy and systematics of major vascular taxa, island biogeography, rare species ecology and conservation, and the management of invasive species. Through both field and classroom exercises, we will use a variety of sampling protocols to document the existing plant communities, contribute to ongoing plant community studies, investigate the floristic changes that the Isles of Shoals have experienced from past to present, and use these data to predict trends into the future to help preserve their unique flora. Student will use skills developed in class to design and implement brief field research project in a related topic of their choice. Prereq: BIOL 411 or BIOL 412. Permission required. Special fee.

Patterns of diversity and processes of evolution. Topics include the diversity of life, the fossil record, macro-evolutionary patterns, the genetics and developmental basis of evolutionary change, processes at the population level, evolution by natural selection, modes of speciation, long-term trends in evolution, and human evolution. Prereq: BIOL 411 or BIOL 412. Special fee. Permission required.