Applies microeconomic tools to issues in environmental economics. Considers the role of government, externalities, public goods, property rights, and market failure. Identifies and compares different policy instruments such as administrative regulation, marketable permits, tax incentives, and direct subsidies, along with consideration of complicating factors such as information, uncertainty and risk. These tools are applied to various policy issues such as air pollution, solid waste management, and recycling. Prereq: ECON 926 and ECON 976.