An introductory survey of Russian history, from the 1200s to the present. Focuses on the rise and expansion of the state based in Moscow, and on the various peoples it ruled. Considers continuities and changes between Muscovy, the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and the Russian Federation, as well as comparisons to other contemporary states. Central themes include imperial expansion, cultural and religious diversity, war and society, and struggles for social justice and political freedom.